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Play behavior. More of a social person than at earlier ages, the average four- or five-year-old wants to get out and play with other children. The play of preschool children often imitates the work of grown-ups. Developmentally, games of pretending seem to be a necessary link between the relative helplessness of infancy and the growing responsibilities of the middle years of childhood. Play activities that might seem useless to an are necessary to a child.
Psychologists L. Joseph Stone and Joseph Church have described a number of ways play behavior develops in a preschool child.
1. Almost everything a young child does becomes a game—eating, getting dressed, going to bed, taking a trip, even going to the bathroom. Ordinary activities become silly events that often annoy a parent but delight the child.
2. Play becomes more purposeful and directed. Children become more serious.
3. Children recognize the world of make-believe as distinct from the real world where people exercise genuine power. Play lets a child invent a world he or she can control.
4. Play becomes more imaginative, as well as more social. New skills and knowledge make a child's play more creative.
5. Play becomes dramatic. Children assume roles from the real world of the family or society. They play "Mommy and Daddy," or "doctor and patient."
By age five, a child's make-believe world reflects more and more of what is seen in the world. Children seek out realistic toys—the doctor's bag complete with pills, lifelike dolls, kitchen ranges, dump trucks that really work, and other symbols of modern life.
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