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Loss of intellectual functioning Research on this subject has produced no final answers. Old people seem to think and act more slowly than younger people, but this may reflect more caution. Or, if they are no longer doing intellectual work, the aged may get out of the habit.
Developmental psychologists K. F. Riegel and R. M. Riegel suggest that there is no real decline in intellectual functioning until shortly before death. Some psychologists point out that what appears to be a decline is a lack of stimulation. Old people are not challenged or do not challenge themselves to perform. Avoiding challenge may in itself reflect a loss of ability for some people. Style of thinking, however, may undergo change. In studying a number of elderly subjects, psychologist Nathan Kogan found them less abstract and conceptual in their thinking than younger subjects. The aged were more likely to think in terms of concrete relationships and themes that had a specific, personal meaning for them.
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